True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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Conduction is the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter.
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2.
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Radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of particles.
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3.
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In a forced-air heating system, the warm air circulates by convection.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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4.
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Energy from the Sun travels to Earth as ____.
a. | chemical energy | c. | radiant energy | b. | combustion | d. | mechanical
energy |
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5.
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Refrigerators and air conditioners are examples of ____.
a. | heat engines | c. | heat pumps | b. | heat movers | d. | solar
collectors |
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6.
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Which of the following is due to the random motion of particles?
a. | kinetic energy | c. | thermal energy | b. | nuclear energy | d. | sound energy |
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7.
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The temperature of a substance increases as
a. | the substance expands. | b. | the average kinetic energy of its particles
increases. | c. | the substance’s volume increases. | d. | the
substance’s mass increases. |
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8.
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Water boils at 212°F, which is equivalent to
a. | 273 K. | c. | 100°C. | b. | 0°C. | d. | 37°C. |
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9.
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The hot air that you see rising from the pavement on a hot summer day is an
example of
a. | thermal conduction. | c. | convection. | b. | thermal insulation. | d. | radiation. |
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10.
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Two substances with equal masses have temperatures of 55°C. If the specific
heat of the first substance is three times greater than that of the second substance, how much more
energy will the first substance have given up by heat when both substances have cooled to
25°C?
a. | one-third as much energy | c. | 30 times as much
energy | b. | three times as much energy | d. | 90 times as much energy |
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11.
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A calorimeter uses the increase in the temperature of water to
a. | measure the heat given up to the water by another substance. | b. | measure the specific
heat of another substance. | c. | measure the mass of another
substance. | d. | measure the decrease in temperature of another
substance. |
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12.
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How are a hot-water heating system and an active solar-heating system
similar?
a. | Thermal energy is conducted through pipes in both systems. | b. | Sunlight is used for
heating in both systems. | c. | Water is heated and circulated through a system
of pipes. | d. | Hot air circulates through vents in the floor. |
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13.
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In all heat engines, fuel is used to provide
a. | steam. | c. | thermal energy for heating. | b. | thermal energy for
cooling. | d. | thermal energy to
do work. |
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14.
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Insulation is needed to prevent
a. | the collapse of ceilings in homes. | b. | the unwanted transfer of thermal energy into or
out of a building. | c. | the loss of thermal energy inside a building in
summer. | d. | the gain of thermal energy inside a building in
winter. |
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15.
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The inside of a refrigerator is kept cool by
a. | ice melting inside the refrigerator. | b. | the evaporation of refrigerant, which absorbs
thermal energy. | c. | the passage of hot refrigerant through condenser coils. | d. | the flow of cool air
into the refrigerator from outside. |
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16.
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Railroad tracks have gaps between the rails so that they will not buckle in hot
weather because of
a. | thermal conductivity. | c. | thermal expansion. | b. | specific heat. | d. | thermal
insulation. |
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17.
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The transfer of thermal energy through a substance by direct contact is
called
a. | thermal conduction. | c. | convection. | b. | thermal insulation. | d. | radiation. |
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18.
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The lowest possible temperature is
a. | 0°F. | c. | 0°C. | b. | 0 K. | d. | 273 K. |
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19.
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If the particles of two substances have the same average kinetic energy,
then
a. | the specific heats of the substances are identical. | b. | the particles will
not react chemically. | c. | the substances have equal thermal
energies. | d. | the substances have equal temperatures. |
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20.
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In both hot-water and solar-heating systems, the thermal energy from heated
water circulates through the air of a room by
a. | conduction. | c. | convection. | b. | ventilation. | d. | radiation. |
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21.
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What does the average kinetic energy of an object’s particles tell
you?
a. | how hot the object is | c. | the temperature of the object | b. | how cold the object
is | d. | how fast the particles
are moving |
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22.
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What is true of two objects when heat is transferred between them?
a. | They are both hot. | c. | They are at different temperatures. | b. | They are both
large. | d. | They have a lot of
energy. |
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23.
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If the temperature of 0.20 kg of gold, which has a specific heat of 130
J/kg•°C, increases by 25°C, how much energy has been transferred to the gold by
heat?
a. | 1.04 J | c. | 650 J | b. | 16,250 J | d. | 26 J |
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Some items may be used more
than once. a. | forced air | d. | active solar | b. | passive
solar | e. | electric heating
system | c. | radiator |
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24.
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large windows on south side of building
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25.
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large tank for storing water heated by the Sun and pumps to move the
water
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26.
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fan moves warm air
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27.
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heated coils in ceilings and floors heat the surrounding air by
conduction
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28.
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a closed metal container containing hot water or steam
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29.
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most common type of heating system
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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 Figure
6-1
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30.
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In Figure 6-1, thermal energy is transferred to the sunbather in room B
primarily by ____________________.
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31.
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In Figure 6-1, most of the heat provided by the fireplace in room C goes up the
chimney and is therefore transferred by ____________________.
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32.
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In Figure 6-1, the thermal energy of the iron in room D is transferred to the
clothes by ____________________.
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33.
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In Figure 6-1, room A, the heat from the pot on the stove moves to the
pot's handle by ____________________.
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34.
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Water boils at 100°C, which is the same as ____________________
°F.
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35.
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Water freezes at 32°F, which is the same as ____________________ K.
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36.
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When particles of a substance move too slowly to overcome the attractive forces
between them, so that they vibrate in place, the substance is in a ____________________ state.
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37.
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Temperature ____________________ as average kinetic energy decreases.
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Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences
below.
| radiation | specific
heat | | thermal conductor | thermal expansion | | temperature | absolute zero | | thermal
energy | calorimeter | | heat engine | | | |
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38.
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A device that measures heat is called a(n) ____________________.
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39.
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Cloth changes temperature more slowly than metal; therefore, cloth has a higher
____________________ than metal.
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40.
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The liquid in a thermometer rises with increasing temperature because
____________________ causes the liquid’s volume to increase.
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41.
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The sun transfers energy through space by means of ____________________.
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42.
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A machine that uses heat to do work is called a(n) ____________________.
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43.
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Heat is thermal energy that flows between objects that differ in
____________________.
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