Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which of the following processes changes rock on Earth’s surface?
a. | metamorphism | c. | compaction | b. | erosion | d. | cementation |
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2.
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What forms when rock partially or completely melts?
a. | limestone | c. | ripple marks | b. | reefs | d. | magma |
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3.
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Scientists classify rocks
a. | by composition and texture. | c. | by mass. | b. | by
volume. | d. | by color and
size. |
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4.
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What kind of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools slowly?
a. | coarse-grained | c. | fine-grained | b. | large-grained | d. | medium-grained |
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5.
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What kind of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools rapidly?
a. | coarse-grained | c. | large-grained | b. | medium-grained | d. | fine-grained |
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6.
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What kind of rock is formed when magma intrudes into other rock?
a. | extrusive igneous rock | c. | intrusive igneous rock | b. | sedimentary
rock | d. | organic sedimentary
rock |
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7.
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What kind of rock is formed from lava that cools on the Earth’s
surface?
a. | organic sedimentary rock | c. | intrusive igneous
rock | b. | sedimentary rock | d. | extrusive igneous rock |
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8.
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Which process forms sediment?
a. | weathering | c. | compaction | b. | cementation | d. | deposition |
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9.
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What kind of sedimentary rock is made of fragments of rocks cemented together by
a mineral?
a. | organic | c. | chemical | b. | stratified | d. | clastic |
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10.
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What kind of sedimentary rock is made from solutions of dissolved minerals and
water?
a. | organic | c. | stratified | b. | chemical | d. | clastic |
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11.
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What kind of sedimentary rock is made from fossils?
a. | organic | c. | chemical | b. | stratified | d. | clastic |
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12.
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What is the process called in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in
layers?
a. | erosion | c. | weathering | b. | extrusion | d. | stratification |
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13.
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Sedimentary rock is formed through the process of
a. | cementation | c. | erosion. | b. | stratification. | d. | foliation. |
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14.
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What has to increase for metamorphism to occur?
a. | weathering and erosion | c. | melting and cooling | b. | temperature and pressure | d. | compaction and
cementation |
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15.
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What is the process in which water, wind, and heat break down rock?
a. | weathering | c. | cementation | b. | exfoliation | d. | composition |
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16.
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What are the main categories of sedimentary rock?
a. | extrusive and intrusive | c. | felsic and
mafic | b. | clastic, chemical, and organic | d. | foliated and
nonfoliated |
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17.
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During the rock cycle, what forms when magma cools?
a. | igneous rock | c. | metamorphic rock | b. | sedimentary rock | d. | foliated rock |
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18.
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What do scientists call the rock that is formed when magma cools below the
Earth’s surface?
a. | extrusive igneous rock | c. | eruptive rock | b. | intrusive igneous rock | d. | volcanic rock |
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19.
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What kind of metamorphic rock has its mineral grains arranged in planes or
bands?
a. | extrusive | c. | nonfoliated | b. | foliated | d. | intrusive |
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20.
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The process in which sediment is dropped and comes to rest is called
a. | deposition. | c. | cementation. | b. | stratification. | d. | foliation. |
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21.
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How does clastic sedimentary rock begin?
a. | as magma | c. | as fragments of rock | b. | as plant remains | d. | as animal
remains |
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22.
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What occurs when temperature and pressure inside the Earth’s crust
change?
a. | stratification | c. | deposition | b. | deformation | d. | metamorphism |
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23.
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What is one way that magma forms?
a. | when rock is heated | c. | when rock is cemented | b. | when rock is
cooled | d. | when rock is
weathered |
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24.
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What can some organic sedimentary rocks can be made of?
a. | seaweed | c. | fossils | b. | insects | d. | living plants |
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25.
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If oceans become so polluted that corals are unable to form, what rock would not
be able to form?
a. | clastic rock | c. | organic sedimentary rock | b. | sedimentary
rock | d. | chemical
rock |
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26.
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What is the largest of all intrusive igneous rock formations?
a. | plutons | c. | batholiths | b. | fissures | d. | sills |
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Completion
Complete each
sentence or statement.
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Use the terms from the following list to complete the sentences
below.
| stratification | composition | | rock
cycle | rock | | nonfoliated rock | erosion | | gradient | strata | | deposition | | | |
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27.
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A rock whose mineral grains are NOT formed in bands is called
____________________.
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28.
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Grains of sand are washed into rivers and oceans through the process of
____________________.
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29.
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The minerals found in a rock determine its ____________________.
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30.
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Rocks change their composition during the ____________________.
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | composition | d. | texture | b. | rock | e. | rock cycle | c. | erosion | f. | deposition |
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31.
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solid mixture of crystals or one or more minerals
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32.
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process by which new rock forms from old rock
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33.
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process by which sediment is removed from its source
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34.
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process by which sediment is dropped and comes to rest
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35.
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the chemical makeup of a rock
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36.
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size, shape, and position of grains that make up a rock
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | deposition | d. | texture | b. | erosion | e. | rock cycle | c. | rock | f. | composition |
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37.
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naturally occurring solid mixture of crystals of one or more minerals
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38.
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process in which sediment is dropped and comes to rest
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39.
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process by which new rock is made from old rock
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40.
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the quality of a rock based on size and shape of the mineral grains
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41.
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process by which sediment is removed from its source
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42.
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the chemical makeup of a rock
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | stratification | d. | strata | b. | nonfoliated | e. | intrusive igneous rock | c. | extrusive igneous
rock |
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43.
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metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are not arranged in bands
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44.
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layers found in sedimentary rocks
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45.
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rock that cools at the Earth’s surface
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46.
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process in which layers in sedimentary rock are formed
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47.
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rock that cools below the Earth’s surface
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | organic sedimentary rock | c. | foliated rock | b. | extrusive igneous
rock | d. | rock
cycle |
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48.
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the process by which new rock forms from old rocks
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49.
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igneous rock that cools on the Earth’s surface
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50.
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rocks made from animal or plant remains
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51.
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metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are arranged in bands
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