Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Each parent gives one set of these to the offspring.
a. | genes | c. | phenotypes | b. | alleles | d. | meiosis |
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2.
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A plant with two dominant OR two recessive alleles is said to be
a. | heterozygous. | c. | homozygous. | b. | cross-pollinating. | d. | true breeding. |
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3.
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How are sex cells different from other human cells?
a. | Sex cells have more chromosomes. | b. | Sex cells have half as many
chromosomes. | c. | Sex cells are larger. | d. | Sex cells have no
chromosomes. |
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4.
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Why do sex-linked disorders occur more often in males?
a. | Males have two X chromosomes. | b. | Males have only one X
chromosome. | c. | Males have two Y chromosomes. | d. | Males have two X and two Y
chromosomes. |
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5.
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The one thing that Gregor Mendel realized could explain the results of his
experiments was that
a. | the traits were appearing at random. | b. | the male traits were always the dominant
ones. | c. | each trait had two sets of instructions, one from each parent. | d. | his important
research would open the door to modern genetics. |
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6.
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What carries the genes that determine sex?
a. | homologous chromosomes | c. | sex chromosomes | b. | pedigree | d. | phenotype |
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7.
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Instructions for an inherited trait are called
a. | alleles. | c. | albinism. | b. | phenotype. | d. | genes. |
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8.
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The different forms of a gene that decide a characteristic are known as
a. | alleles. | c. | albinism. | b. | phenotypes. | d. | genes. |
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9.
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What did Mendel discover about recessive traits?
a. | Recessive traits reappear in the second generation. | b. | Recessive traits
disappear altogether. | c. | Recessive traits never appear in the second
generation. | d. | Recessive traits become dominant. |
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10.
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This diagram is used to trace a trait through generations of a family.
a. | pedigree | c. | meiosis | b. | selective breeding | d. | generation
square |
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11.
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When there is incomplete dominance,
a. | one allele has more influence than the others. | b. | each allele has its
own degree of influence. | c. | the alleles have no
influence. | d. | there are no alleles present. |
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12.
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What is heredity?
a. | traits passing from offspring to parents | c. | plants that are
cross-pollinated | b. | traits passing from parents to offspring | d. | the ratio of dominant to recessive
traits |
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13.
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What is a plant that has two dominant genes or two recessive genes
called?
a. | organism | c. | homozygous | b. | genotype | d. | heterozygous |
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14.
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What is a phenotype?
a. | the way an organism feels | c. | a dominant gene | b. | a group of 5
alleles | d. | the way an organism
looks |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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15.
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Mendel discovered that sometimes a trait that is present in the parent is not
present in the ____________________.
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16.
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A true-breeding plant with purple flowers will always have plants with
____________________.
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17.
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Genes that determine sex are carried in ____________________.
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18.
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People often go to genetic counselors to have a ____________________ drawn to
trace a disease that they do not want to pass on to their children.
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19.
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If an allele in a Punnett square is written Bt, ____________________ is
the dominant trait.
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20.
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When writing allele pairs, the dominant allele is written with a(n)
____________________ letter.
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Short Answer
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21.
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In humans, what are the sex chromosomes of females?
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22.
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In humans, what are the sex chromosomes of males?
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | phenotype | d. | Punnett square | b. | genotype | e. | probability | c. | incomplete
dominance |
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23.
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when one trait is not completely dominant over another
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24.
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a way to organize possible offspring combinations
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25.
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an organism’s appearance
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26.
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the entire genetic makeup of an organism
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27.
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the mathematical chance that something will happen
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Problem
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Use the figure below to answer the following questions.
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28.
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In which box is Pp?
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29.
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In which box is PP?
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30.
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In which box is pp?
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Use the figure below to answer the following
questions.
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31.
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Look at the table. What is this table called? a. P-grid
c. heredity
map
b. dominance chart
d. Punnett square
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32.
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Look at the diagram. If purple ( P) is dominant, and white ( p) is
recessive, what color will one out of every four of the offspring be? a. purple
c. purple with white edges
b. white
d. lavender (white and purple
mix)
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33.
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Look at the table. What is the probability that the offspring will be
pp? a. 25%
c.
75%
b. 50%
d. 100%
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